Examination of the need for and management of the supply chain - Free Essay Example

1. Introduction to supply Chain Management What is a supply chain? What is supply chain management (SCM)? Importance of supply chain management, Overview of supply chain management, Decision phases in a supply chain, Process view of a supply chain, Nature and scope of supply chain management, Managing the supply chain, A model of supply chain management, What is logistics?, What is logistics management?, Logistical competency, Competitiveness and competitive advantage, Gaining competitive advantage through logistics, Integrated supply chains, Supply chain and competitive performance, Evolution of logistics toward supply chain management, Logistical activities, Objectives of logistics management, Role of logistics in (a) supply chain management, (b) the economy and (c) the organization, Logistics costs, Total cost concept, Evolution of supply chain management, Importance of logistics / supply chain management, Focus areas in supply chain management, A frame for structuring supply chain drivers, Change drivers, Review questio ns. A company can identify its supply chain by first selecting a particular product group or product family. Then it should trace the flow of materials and information from the final customer (end users) backward through the distribution system, to the manufacturer and then to the suppliers and the source of raw materials. This entire chain of activities and process is known as the supply chain for that product group. A large company will have several supply chains. In a multi-divisional company with many product groups, there could be many different supply chains. For example, large companies such as Procter and Gamble or General Electric may use 50 to 100 different supply chains to bring their products to the market. There has been a great deal of interest recently in industry and academic in the subject of supply chain management. A company can identify its supply chain by first selecting a particular group of product family. Then it should trace the flow of materials and information from the final customer (end users) backward through the distribution system, to the manufacturer a nd then to the suppliers and the source of raw materials. This entire chain of activities and process is referred to s the supply chain for that product group or product family. A large company will have several supply chains. In a multi-divisional company with many product groups, there could be many different supply chains. For example, companies such as General electric or Procter and Gamble may use 50 to 100 different supply chains to bring their products to the market. Exhibit 1.2 illustrates the stages of a detergent supply chain. 2. Important of Supply chain Management Of late, supply chain management is gaining growing importance because of the following reasons : The total time for materials to travels through the entire supply chain can be quite long (say 6 months to one year or more). Since the materials spend so much time waiting in inventory at various stages in the supply chain, there is a great opportunity to reduce the total supply chain cycle time leading to a corresponding reduction in inventory, increased flexibility, reduced costs and better deliveries. Many companies have drastically improved their internal operations and now find it necessary to consider relations with external customers and suppliers in the supply chain to gain further improvements in their operations. Supply chain thinking is an application of systems thinking and provides a basis for understanding processes that cut across a companys internal department and processes that extend outside the company as well. The goals of supply chain management are to reduce uncertainty and risks in the supply chain, thereby positively affecting inventory levels, cycle time, processes and ultimately end-customer service levels. The focus is on system optimization. The design, planning and operation of a supply chain have a strong impact on overall profitability and success. Supply-chain management has become a hot competitive advantage as companies struggle to get the right stuff to the right place at the right time. All the Total quality Management, Just-in-Time system, Reengineering, Team work and Delighting the Customers depends on the relationships with suppliers and distributors who are part of the supply chain. Supply chain management includes transportation vendor, suppliers, distributors, banks, credit and cash transfers, bills payable and receivable, warehousing and inventory levels, order fulfillment and sharing customer, forecasting and production information. As firms strive to increase their competitiveness via produc t customisation, high quality, cost reductions and speed-to-market, they place added emphasis on supply chain management. Supply chain management builds a chain of suppliers that focus on both minimizing waste and maximizing value to the ultimate customer. The key to effective supply chain management is to make suppliers partners in the firms strategy to satisfy the ever-changing market place. 3. Supply Chains : A supply chain consists of all stages involved, directly or indirectly, in fulfilling a customers request. It not only includes the manufacturer and suppliers, but also transporters, warehouses, retailers and customers themselves. Within a manufacturing organization, the supply chain includes functions such as new product development, marketing, operations, distribution, finance and customer service. A supply chain is dynamic and involves the constant flow of information, product and funds between different stages. Each stage of the supply chain performs different processes and interacts with other stages of the supply chain. The primary purpose of the existence of any supply chain is to satisfy customer needs; in the process of generating profits for itself. Supply chain activities begin with a customer order and end when a satisfied customer has paid for his or her purchase. It is not necessary that only one player is involved at each stage of the supply chain. A manufacturer may receive material from several suppliers and then supply to several distributors. Therefore, most supply chains are actually networks and may be called as supply networks or supply webs describe the structure of supply chains. A typical supply chain may involve the following stages: Customers Retailers Wholesalers / Distributors Manufacturers and Component / raw material suppliers. 3.1 Objective of a Supply Chain : The objectives are : To maximize the overall value generated. The value a supply chain generates is the difference between what final product is worth to the customer and the effort the supply chain expends in filling the customers request. To achieve maximum supply chain profitability. Supply chain profitability is the total profit to be shared across all supply chain stages. To reduce the supply chain costs to the minimum possible level. Supply chain management involves the management of flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total profitability. 3.2 Decision Phases in a Supply Chain The three decision phases in a supply chain are : Supply chain strategy or design Supply chain planning and Supply chain operation These three phases are briefly described in the following section. Supply Chain Strategy or Design : The company decides how to structure the supply chain during this phase. The Chains configuration and the processes each stage will perform are decided. Strategic or long-range decisions made by companies include (i) The location and capacities of production and warehousing facilities, (ii) Products to be manufactured or stored at various locations, (iii) Modes of transportation to be made available along different shipping legs and (iv) Type of information system to be utilized. The companys strategic objectives must be supported by its supply chain configuration. For instance, a companys decisions regarding the location and capacity of its manufacturing facilities, warehouses and supply sources are all supply chain design or strategic de cisions. Since these decisions are made for the long term, they are very expensive to be changed in the short term. Hence companies need to take into account uncertainty in anticipated market conditions over the next few year before they make supply chain design decisions. Supply Chain Planning : In this phase, companies define a set of operating policies that govern short-term operations. The configuration of supply chain determined in the previous phase establishes constraints within which planning must be carried out. The planning phase starts with a forecast for the coming year of demand in different markets. Supply chain planning includes decisions regarding the following: Which market to be served from which locations. The planned build up of inventories. The subcontracting of manufacturing The replacement and inventory policies to be followed. Policies regarding back up locations in case of a stock out and The timing and size of marketing promotions. P lanning establishes parameters within which a supply chain will function over a specified period of time. However it must be ensured that planning decisions consider the uncertainty in demand, exchange rates and competition over the planning horizon. Supply Chain Operations : During this phase, companies make decisions for the time horizon (weekly or daily) regarding individual customer orders. At this stage. The supply chain configuration is fixed and the planning policies already defined. The supply chain operation aims at implementing the operating policies in the best possible manner. Various activities involved in this phase are : (i) Allocating individual orders to inventory or production, (ii) Setting dates for fulfilling orders, (iii) Generating pick lists at a warehouse, (iv) Allocating an order to a particular shipping mode or shipment, (v) Getting delivery schedules of trucks and (vi) Placing replenishment orders. Because operational decisions are made in the short ter m, there is often less uncertainty about demand information. The design, planning and operation of a supply chain strongly affect the overall profitability and success of a firm. 4. Process view of Supply Chain Two different ways to view the process performed in a supply chain are. 1. Cycle view 2. The push-pull view 1. Cycle View : According to this view the processes in a supply chain are divided into a series of cycles, each performed at the interface between two successive stages of a supply chain. All supply chain processes can be broken down into the following four process cycles : (a) Customer order cycle, (b) Replacement cycle, (c) Manufacturing cycle and (d) Procurement cycle. Each cycle occurs at the interface between two successive stages of the supply chain. Exhibit 1.3 illustrates the four cycles and five supply chain stages. The four process cycles in the supply chain are briefly discussed in the following section : (i) Customer Order Cycle : This occurs at the customer / retailer interface and include customer arrival, customer order entry, customer order fulfillments and customer order receiving. Customer arrival refers to the customers visiting the lo cation (Supermarket or retail store) where he or she has access to his or her choices and make a decision regarding what to buy, how much to buy and so on. Customer order entry refers to customers telling the retailer what products they want to buy and the retailer allocating those products to customers. Customer order fulfillment refers to process by which the customer order is filled and sent to the customer. Customer order receiving refers to process by which customer receives what he has ordered and takes ownership of the products ordered. (ii) Replenishment Cycle : This occurs at the retailer / distributor interface nd includes all processes involved in replenishing inventory f the retailer. The processes involved in the replenishment cycle include : Retail order trigger, Retailer order entry, Retail order fulfillment and Retailer order receiving. Retail order Trigger : As and when the retailer fills customer order, inventory is depleted which must be replenished to meet future demand. The retailer devises a replenishment or ordering policy which triggers an order on the distributor so as to maximize profitability by balancing product availability and cost. Retail Order Entry : The retailer places the order with the distributor or manufacturer. The purpose of the retail entry process is to ensure that an order is entered accurately and conveyed quickly to all supply chain processes affected by the order. Retail Order Fulfillment : This is a process by which retail order is filled by the distributor or manufacturer. The objective is to get the replenishment order to the retailer on time while minimizing costs. Retail Order Receiving : When the replenishment order arrives at a retailer, the retailer must receive it physically, update all inventory records and settle all product from distributor to the retailer as well as information and financial flows. This process helps to update inventories and displays quickly at the lowest possi ble cost. (iii) Manufacturing Cycle : This occurs at the distributor / manufacturer interface and includes all posses involved in replenishing distributor (or retailer) inventory. The process involved in the manufacturing cycle include (a) Order arrival from the distributor, retailer or customer (b) Production scheduling, (c) Manufacturing and shipping and (d) Receiving at the distributor, retailer or customer. (iv) Procurement Cycle : This occurs at the manufacturer / supplier interface and includes all process necessary to ensure that materials are available for carrying out manufacturing as per the schedule. The manufacturer orders components from suppliers to replenish inventories. Component orders are based on the production schedule. 2. Push / Pull View of Supply Chain Process : All process in the supply chain fall into one of two categories : (i) Push processes and (ii) Pull processes. In pull processes, execution is initiated in response to a customer order. In push processes, execution is in anticipation of customer order. At the time of execution of a pull process, demand is known with certainty whereas at the time of execution of a push process demand is not known but forecasted. A Push / Pull view of the supply chain is useful when considering strategic decision relating to supply chain design. This view facilities a more global consideration of supply chain processes as they relate to a customer order. Pull processes may be regarded as reactive processes because they react to customer demand. Push processes may be regarded as speculative processes because they respond to forecast (speculative) demand rather than actual demand. The Push / Pull boundary in a supply chain helps to separate, push processes from pull processes. For example, in a computer manufacturing company manufacturing personal computers the beginning of assembly process represents the push/pull boundary. All processes carried out prior to assembly are push processes and all processes carried out after and including assembly are pull processes because they are initiated in response to a customer order. 5. Managing The Supply Chain Because supply chain management deals with the complete cycle of materials as they flow from suppliers to production to warehousing to distribution to the customer, there are many opportunities to enhance value. Some of these opportunities are : (i) Postponement : Postponement means delaying any modification or customization to the product as long as possible in the production process. For example, Hewlett-Packard (HP) examined the supply chain for its printer itself and into its power cord. Because of this, HP modified the printer, its power cord, its packaging and its documentation so that only the power cord and documentation needed to be added at the final distribution point. This modification allowed the firm to manufacture and hold centralized inventories of the basic printer for shipment as demand changed only the unique power system and documentation to be held in each country. This understanding of the entire supply chain reduced both risk and investment in inventory. (ii) Channel Assembly : Channel assembly is a variation of postponement. It sends individual components and modules, rather than finished products to the distributor. The distributor then assembles, tests and ships the product to the customers. Channel assembly treats distributors more as manufacturing partners than as distributors. With this strategy, finished goods inventory is reduced because units are built to a shorter, more accurate forecast. Many personal computer manufactures such as Dell, IBM, HP and Compaq have successfully demonstrated the low-cost and rapid-response advantages of the channel assembly. (iii) Drop Shipping and Special Packaging : Drop shipping means the supplier will ship directly to the end consumer, rather than to the seller, saving both time and shipping costs. Other cost saving measures include the use of special packaging, labels and optimal placement of labels and bar codes on containers. (iv) Blanket Orders : A blanket order is a contract to purchase certain items from a vendor. It is not authorization to ship anyting. Shipment environment, there is typically one supplier for all units of a particular product. Payment is made to the units supplied by the supplier without a formal request by the supplier for payment. (v) Invoiceless Purchasing : Invoiceless purchasing is an extension of good purchaser supplier relations. In an invoiceless purchasing environment, there is typically one supplier for all units of a particular product. Payment is made to the units supplied by the supplier without a formal request by the supplier for payment. (vi) Electronic Ordering and Funds Transfer : Transactions between firms are increasingly done via electronic data interchange (EDI) which is a standardized data transmittal format for computerized communications between organizations. (vii) Stockless Purchasing : Stockless purchasing means that the suppliers maintain inventory that is delivered directly to the purchasers usin g department rather than to a store for stocking and using later. (viii) Standardization : Standardisation means reducing the number of varieties in materials and components as an aid to cost reduction. (ix) Other Techniques : Under the umbrella of supply-chain management, a variety of techniques are included. They are : establishing lines of credit for suppliers reducing the time money is in transit co-ordinating production and shipping schedules with suppliers and distributors, sharing market research information and making optimal use of warehouse space.

What To Expect After College By

College is a joyous time of ones life, albeit the sloppy times that come from too much partying with friends, not to mention the lack of sleep from choosing to study instead of rest. On days you feel like you are on cloud nine after acing a test, the world feels like it is within your reach. Every essay you write is a step closer to graduation, every textbook finished makes that degree feel so attainable. The future seems but a distant dream you will one day find yourself in, and it will be bright if you just study hard and do your best. Life after college is a thought that many dismiss as it is simple enough: graduate, get a job, and then live. The truth is, though, there are so many things nobody tells you. Nothing can ever prepare you for life after graduation; there are life lessons that the four corners of your school cannot teach you, no matter how far up they are in the Ivy League. Here is the truth:Job hunting is, no doubt, a necessity but can be a terrible experienceYes, you have a degree, but thousands of others are on the same boat. Job hunting after college is like dozens of people trying to get their hands on the last pair of shoes on sale, all at the same time. It is a survival of the fittest at best, and you are on your toes, and it none of it feels good. In fact, it is terrible. After years getting an education, you are now expected to get a job right away, with thousands of others trying to do the same. To do that, you need to stand out. But how do you stand out when all of you have the same level of experience, same set of skills, and even the same degree? Writing your cover letter will feel even worse than writing your thesis.You may not get the job you are afterJob hunting is already an incredibly draining endeavor in itself. Despite that, though, and all your efforts of sending stacks of freshly written cover letters and resumes, not to mention those countless job interviews, it is highly likely you will not get your dream job. It can be de vastating, because all your life you have been in this bubble of your life as a student, completely safe from the ropes of the real world. You have developed this plan of ending up in the career you want, but life after college is not what it seems. You will probably find yourself in a place thats okay, even if it is far from your expectations. And that is okay people rarely love their first jobs. And you are still in the process of figuring it out.Those drinking habits will changeHangovers will get worse years after college. Nursing a massive headache in the morning will be such a nuisance, and the vomiting you laugh at in the morning will not be as fun when you get the lovely task of cleaning your floors up. Showing up hungover to work is not acceptable either, unlike back in college when the idea is regarded as cool and fun. Roll out of bed, attend a class or two, get cheers and back pats for coming to class looking and feeling like you have just returned from battlefield, and t hen head back to your dorm to sleep it off the routine makes dealing with drinking aftermaths extremely simple. With work, though? Do not think it is possible to survive a routine 9-to-5 job with a hangover.Your frugal days are aheadThe typical college dorm life stereotype includes the aspect packs of ramen and microwavable mac and cheese, and that might have been true to your college life story. And just when you think that the prospect of leaving instant food is behind you, and now come days of bliss that come with eating out, we may have to burst your bubble: it is not over yet. Yes, you may have a decent paying job, but you may need to pay off those student loans. There are also bills to pay and other expenses that just creep up on you a broken heater, perhaps. There are things you never thought youd pay for, but as a young adult formally stepping to the realities of the world, you will have allocate your budget accordingly.An apartment all to yourself? Not just yetAfter long days at work, you will soon be relishing spending the night by yourself. The charm of going out every night finally wears off, and suddenly a quiet night wrapped up in your sheets with cheap wine on your hand becomes paradise. Your alone time will translate to the desire of wanting your very own space, especially years after sharing dorm rooms and apartments with roommates. The thing about life after college, though, is that you start from the bottom. This means that your current salary may just be enough for now and affording a one-bedroom apartment is not for you just yet. The dream is what everyone talks about, but what nobody tells you is that you will do a lot of sitting, working, and waiting. And that apartment dream will have to wait.Hanging out with friends will be minimalDo not worry, that friendship will linger. But life after college takes you all on different directions. They will get other jobs, meet new people, get into relationships living separate lives is inevitabl e, and planning date nights will be extremely hard. Do not be disheartened, though keep making an effort. Chances are they are down for plans, too. As adults trying to survive the wilderness called life, taking time off to meet each other is essential. There is always a sense of comfort that come with meeting familiar faces.Your closet will need an upgradeLife after college is about looking for a job, and basically learning to be an adult. Your closet, though, will see a change, and that is only part of things nobody tells you. Perhaps your go-to outfit were sweatpants and those trendy dad shoes. Sure, you have collected a decent amount of formal basics, like that nicely tailored blazer and some button-down shirts, but that will not be nearly enough. The demand for more will be high, and soon you will find the change seeping in to your personal style you will be trading those sweatpants for a good pair of jeans, and those dad shoes for loafers. As you grow older, so does your tast e.Your bedtime will changeYou used to scoff at anyone who leaves the party by 10 PM, because why would they? There is music, booze, and an entire night of fun. Who sleeps at 9 PM, when there is plenty to watch, and friends to talk to? You will be eating your words soon enough, because by the time its 8:30 PM, all you will ever want is to snuggle up in your pajamas and comforter. While late night outs can be doable every once in a while, your body will be craving for early bedtimes almost all the time.For a while, you will feel lost and confusedAnd you should not blame yourself. All your life you have this identity as a student, and then suddenly you are thrown into the shoes of an adult, where you are expected to learn every nook and cranny overnight. Life after college is a whirlwind, but what nobody tells you is that everyone is just making it up as they go along. Debts seem to creep in and your career path might turn shaky. Keep in mind, though, that even adults who have been doi ng this for years still have no idea what they are doing life unfolds in different ways. You are not alone in confusion and feeling lost, and the best part? It only gets better from here.You create your own opportunitiesLife after college holds so much pressure, but you need to understand that you already have the skills and talent to create your own opportunities. Many doors will close on you as you scour the big city for that job. Many people will turn their backs and ignore you, so do not wait around for an employer to validate what you already possess. Your skills are there, all working and useful. So, when everything feels hopeless, open your own doors. This is your life, and there is no stopping you.You may have your entire life plan already laid out for you to follow, but things do not always go accordingly. Setbacks will be present, and the distant dream of grasping your dream job will remain distant. There are so many things about life after college you are yet to discover , and even more things nobody tells you about. It will be difficult, and the changes can be ruthless. But the beauty of it all comes with just that discovering. So, as you figure your way out through this adult life, remember to enjoy the ride.Online writing service for college students and beyondYou may think that life after college means no more writing, but that is not the case. Writing is an integral part of life, and will come in handy as you write emails, cover letters, and resumes, hoping to get interviews. It takes skill and patience and it can get very much daunting. As you figure it all out, though, remember that help comes to those who ask for it. , along with our professional writers, is always ready to heed the call for custom paper writing need! Remember, like college, in your professional life you will also be made to write essays, reports, speeches, and presentations. The timing could not be more perfect, as we specialize in custom essays, custom reports, custom pre sentations, custom speeches, and all the papers that students and professionals alike shall surely be in need of at some point. Feel free to get in touch with us. Or if you are in a hurry, place your order now, and our writing service shall give you everything you can ever ask for.

The Poetry of E. E. Cummings Essay - 1255 Words

The Poetry of E. E. Cummings Is the of style e. e. cummings poetry its true genius, or the very reason the works should be called drivel? Alfred Kazin says that the poets style is arrogant and slap stick and that cummings is the duality of the traditionalist and the clown(155). Others, such as Richard P. Blackmur, say his technique is an insult to the writing profession. He says that cummings poetry would only appeal to those with a childish spirit(140). It was Mark Van Doren, though, who probably said the truth about cummings. He has a richly sensuous mind; his verse is distinguished by fluidity and weight; he is equipped to range lustily and long among the major passions(140) Through examples of his work, from spiralling†¦show more content†¦[W]hose only secret all creation sings is that the mothers [l]ove provides the universal rhythm . . . despite mans attempt to change or stop the rhythm, it marks the limits on his destructive power (Powers 237) and who knows what lies beyond. In Buffalo Bills cummings style not only includes line breaks, but run on and joined words as well. His line breaks and technique of separating words is a precise and deliberate method which causes the reader to think. Separating defunct by itself could also mean death (Dilworth 176). Using the word Jesus in a place by itself with a long space, indicating a pause, before and after it, indicate that it is not being used to describe Jesus Christ, but rather as an expression of amazement and awe, common in everyday speech. Cummings, throughout this poem, uses space in order to indicate pauses, much as a comma would do. In this poem he also uses run on and joined words to emphasize description of Buffalo Bill. In line four of the poem cummings wrote watersmooth-silver to describe the stallion in line five. The combination of the words are referring to the fluidity and grace of the mighty stallion, but suggest that it is a coward by describing its blood as water. This image does not coinc ide with the masculinity Buffalo Bill, himself, portrayed by not acting like a coward. Silver, used in conjunction with watersmooth, that described the stallion, Dilworth stated, could also refer to the silver-haired BillShow MoreRelatedPoet Portrait: E.E. Cummings Essay1119 Words   |  5 PagesPoet Portrait: e.e. cummings Introduction: One might not think a renowned poet would speak of making a mark in a toilet in his attempt to make his mark on the world, but e.e. cummings was no ordinary poet. e.e. cummings was a famous poet of the 20th century; is unique style in his poems helped him become the second most commonly known and read poet in the United States during his lifetime (â€Å"E.E. Cummings†). Being raised in a well-educated, literary family; Cummings had a strong background toRead MoreE.E. Cummings: Defender of Individualism and Non-Conformity1655 Words   |  7 PagesE. Cummings- Defender of Individualism and Non-Conformity E. E. 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A true man of the arts, he also enjoyed playwrights, painting, and drawing. His lifetime lasting from 1894-1962 was vivaciously lived! He spent a large portion of his life in his birth state, Massachusetts, although certain life events lead him beyond the United States. Cummings served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and was a volunteer in an ambulance unit as well. A great portion of his life was also dedicated to his Harvard education

Essay about Abraham as the Ideal Man of Faith in The Holy...

Abraham as the Ideal Man of Faith The question is frequently asked, â€Å"What does it mean to have faith?† â€Å"What does it mean to be faithful?† The path to righteousness has always been one paved in good faith, and this is a well-known fact. The ideal man of faith, it can be reasoned, would be the man who was the most suitable spiritual companion for God. This would be someone with whom God could speak with, and fulfill his wishes for human beings there within. God would not simply want a servant, but a friend who would walk through his life with God. This is a hard man to find. One place worshippers of God are always certain to look for an example is the Bible. The Old Testament offers many differing examples of men of faith. Some men†¦show more content†¦Abraham exhibited every quality that a faith-filled person should have. When God asked him to sacrifice his son, Abraham trusted in God to take care of his son and obeyed. But also, Abraham felt enough faith that he was able to converse with God and occasionally ask a question, instead of just receiving orders. After God said that Sarah, at an extremely old age, would bear a son, Abraham asked God if it was possible. When God wished to destroy Sodom, Abraham had the courage in his relationship with God to intercede on Sodom’s behalf. Abraham was not just another one of God’s servants; he was much more. Noah’s lifestyle can be seen as one of strict obedience and observance to God’s law. From the moment that God informed Noah that he was going to destroy his creation, Noah did all that God asked of him. In an instant he was ready to pack up his family, his belongings, and trust in God to take care of everything. Never did Noah question God’s judgment; God said the world needed to perish, so the world needed to perish. There could be no questioning of this, because Noah’s relationship with God consisted solely of devout obedience. 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Book Review The Star Fraction by Ken MacLeod Essays

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Socrates Vs. Crito Essay Example For Students

Socrates Vs. Crito: Essay A Decision of LifeCourtneyIntro. to PhilosophyMay 29, 2000Summer Pre-SessionSocrates vs. Crito:A Decision of LifeThe dialogue Crito, by Plato, recounts the last days of Socrates, immediately before hisexecution was going to take place in Athens. In the dialogue, Socrates friend, Crito, proposesthat Socrates escape from prison. Socrates considers this proposal, trying to decide if escapingwould be just and morally justified. Eventually, Socrates concludes that the act is consideredunjust and morally unjustified. Socrates decides to accept his death penalty and execution. Socrates was a man who would pursuit truth in all matters (Kemerling 1999). In hisrefusal to accept exile from Athens or a commitment to silence as a penalty, he takes the penaltyof death and is thrown into prison. While Socrates is awaiting his execution, many of his friends, including Crito, arrive with afoolproof plan for his escape from Athens to live in exile voluntarily. Socrates calmly debateswith each friend over the moral value and justification of such an act. people who do not know you and me will believe that I mighthave saved you if I had been willing to give money, but that I didnot care.-Crito (Plato 569)Crito believed that by helping Socrates to escape, he could go on to fulfill his personalobligations. Also, if Socrates does not follow the plan, many people would assume that hisfriends did not care about him enough to help him escape or that his friends are not willing to givetheir time or money in order to help him. Therefore, Crito goes on to argue that Socrates oughtto escape from the prison. After listening to Critos arguments, Socrates dismisses them as irrelevant to a decisionabout what action is truly right. Now you, Crito, are not going to die to-morrow--and thereforeyou are disinterested and not liable to be deceived by the circumstancesin which you are placed.-Socrates (Plato 571)In the arguments that Socrates makes, what other people think does not matter. The onlyopinions that should matter are the ones of the individuals that truly know. The truth alonedeserves to be the basis for decisions about human action, so the only proper approach is toengage in the sort of careful moral reasoning by means of which one may hope to reveal it(Kemerling 1999). According to Socrates, the only opinion that he is willing to consider wouldbe that of the state. if you go forth, returning evil for evil, and injury for injury,we shallbe angry with you while you live, and our brethren, the laws in the worldbelow, will receive you as an enemy; for they will know you have doneyour best to destroy us.-Socrates (Plato 577)Socrates argument moves from one of a general moral decision to the morality of hisspecific case. He basically says:-One ought never to do wrong,-But it is always wrong to disobey the state,-Therefore, one ought never to disobey the state (Kemerling 1999)Since avoiding the sentence handed down by the jury would be disobeying the state, Socratesdecides not to escape. Socrates chose to honor his commitment to truth and morality, eventhough it cost him his life. One of the main arguments made by Socrates,Think not of life and children first, and of justice afterwards, butof justice firstFor neither will you nor any that belong to you behappier or holier or juster in this life, or happier in another, if youdo as Crito bids.-Socrates (Plato 577),is one of the most important and crucial in the Crito dialogue. .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 , .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .postImageUrl , .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 , .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:hover , .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:visited , .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:active { border:0!important; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:active , .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721 .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uead54e76dc1f988a57e5ccf165087721:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: From the House of Yemanja, by Audre Lorde and Girl, by Jamaica Kincaid EssaySocrates provides a very convincing argument of why he should not escape from theAthenian prison. He states that if he does as Crito suggests and escapes, it will not be justifiablenor true. Although his family and friends will be much happier if he escapes, he will not followthe justice or moral code of the state in which he was born and raised. Socrates also gives the idea that if he were to escape, his family and friends would behappy for him, but their fellow citizens and their state in which they reside would not. Thegovernment and citizens of the state may take their frustration of this injustice out on the friendsand family of Socrates. In this argument, Socrates believes that the state would say, think not of life and childrenfirst, and of justice afterwards(Plato 566). He says this as a counter-argument to statement madeby Crito saying that he should think of the children that he would be abandoning by not escaping. Crito said that he should escape and raise and teach his children, instead of keeping his penalty. Socrates statement instead comes from the other end, where he should not think of his childrenfirst, but of the truth and morality of the state in which his children will live and grow. If he doesescape, the state will lose some of that morality, and his children will be looked down upon. Also,his children will not receive the same kind of justice that they may have gotten if he had notescaped. Justice seemed to be a very important factor to Socrates, and is part of his pursuit of truthfor all matters. Justice and truth, in the Crito dialogue, go hand-in-hand. Without truth, justicecannot prevail over the wrongdoing in life. Socrates believed that it is always wrong to break an agreement, and continuing to live hislife voluntarily in the state of Athens, constitutes disobedience against the state. He argues thatobeying the state is a requirement right up until death. He says that by not obeying the state thathe was raised in, is like not obeying his parents that raised him. Socrates was a man who chose his commitment to truth, morality and philosophy over life. He had a great commitment to his state, therefore by disobeying it, he would be committingsuicide in a sense. If Socrates had disobeyed his state, he would never be allowed to enter itagain, nor would any other allow him to live peacefully. His arguments throughout the whole dialogue were very strong and made sense. Socrateslooked out for his state, while Critos arguments were based on himself and how others wouldview him. Socrates conclusion to stay in the prison may have cost him his life, but saved themorality and truth of Athens. BibliographyKemerling, Garth. Socrates: Philosophical Life. 29 May 2000*http://people.delphi.com/gkemerling/2d.htm*. Stumpf, Samuel Enoch. Plato: The Problem of Intellectual and Moral Consistency. Philosophy:History Problems. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994. BibliographyBibliographyKemerling, Garth. Socrates: Philosophical Life. 29 May 2000. Stumpf, Samuel Enoch. Plato: The Problem of Intellectual and Moral Consistency. Philosophy:History Problems. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.